The ternary battery continues to develop with high nickel, can lithium iron phosphate kill a carbine?

Recently, the Ru0026D team of CATL New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. has overcome key core technologies such as high nickel ternary materials and silicon-carbon anode materials, and took the lead in developing battery samples with a specific energy (mass energy density) of 304Wh/kg.

Previously according to the plan disclosed by CATL: It is expected to take the lead in mass production of square NCM811 batteries in the first half of 2019, and will be mounted on the Weilai Automobile ES6 delivered in June 2019 . The system energy density will reach 170wh/kg.

The positive and negative electrodes of a lithium battery are where chemical reactions occur. Because the energy density of the current negative electrode material is much greater than that of the positive electrode, and the lower limit of the energy density of the lithium ion battery depends on the positive electrode material Therefore, to improve the energy density, it is necessary to continuously upgrade the cathode material.

There are two main ways to increase the energy density of battery packs: one is to use higher energy density cells, and the other is to improve the efficiency of the battery pack. At this stage, the group efficiency of mainstream square batteries is already around 75%. Under the current technical conditions, the room for improvement is relatively limited. In the future, there is more room for development to increase the energy density of the batteries, and then increase the overall energy of the battery pack. density. Therefore, high-energy-density batteries are the direction that governments and leading battery companies are competing to deploy and focus on research and development.

The energy density of mainstream battery manufacturers in 2019 is planned to be between 250-300Wh/kg

May 2017, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology , The National Development and Reform Commission and the three ministries and commissions of the Ministry of Science and Technology jointly issued the 'Medium and Long-term Development Plan for the Automobile Industry' once again proposed that by 2020, the specific energy of power battery cells will reach 300Wh/kg or more, and strive to achieve 350Wh/kg, and the specific energy of the system will strive to reach 260Wh /kg, by 2025, the specific energy of the power battery system will reach 350Wh/kg.

As we all know, the new energy vehicle subsidy policy in 2019 will continue to be tightened. Although the current policy has not been promulgated for a long time, people in the industry have speculated that the decline will reach 30%-50%. According to industry insiders, in 2019, square batteries will mainly promote products with an energy density of 230-240Wh/kg, soft packages will mainly promote products with 240-260Wh/kg, 18650 batteries will launch products with 3.2-3.4Ah, and 21700 batteries will launch 4.8 -5.0Ah product.

Currently, the energy density of domestic mainstream battery manufacturers in 2019 is planned to be between 250-300Wh/kg:

Lithium iron phosphate or ternary lithium?

Because it can achieve higher energy density, ternary batteries are now the mainstream choice for power battery manufacturers. However, with the decline of the new energy vehicle subsidy policy, and the cost advantages, performance safety advantages and life advantages of lithium iron phosphate itself, lithium iron phosphate may be favored again.

Currently, the energy density of lithium iron phosphate battery systems can reach 140Wh/Kg, and the energy density of lithium iron phosphate and multi-element composite lithium batteries is increasing, reaching 140-175Wh/kg , Even higher than some ternary materials such as NCM333, and the cost is 10%-15% cheaper than ternary batteries. Therefore, the application of lithium iron phosphate batteries in short-distance vehicles is optimistic about the industry.