diy solar-power system components
As energy costs grow, solar power is becoming more and more popular.
The industry is growing at an annual rate of more than 30%.
While a commercially installed system will cost $10 to power a full home, it can save a lot of money by starting from an early age and doing it yourself.
Even the smallest system will bring smaller electricity bills.
The solar power generation system can be divided into grid-connected power generation and off-grid power generation. On-
Only when solar panels generate electricity will the grid system be connected to local power lines and powered. Off-
The grid system is not connected to a utility power provider and includes a battery pack for energy storage to provide energy when the sun is unavailable.
There is also a hybrid system connected to the power cord, as well as battery storage.
The various components of the solar system are discussed below.
The main component of DIY solar power generation system for solar panels is solar panels.
Each panel consists of many individual PV modules (PV)cells.
Photovoltaic cells are a small device that converts sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic effects.
These batteries are also called solar cells.
Since a single battery only produces relatively small amounts of electricity, they must be connected to other batteries in order to get the actual power level.
The solar cells are mechanically mounted on a solid substrate and then connected together to get the required power.
The substrate is installed in weather-
Tight cover of glass or plexiglass.
Then connect multiple solar panels to the bracket to form an array of solar panels.
The array can be attached to a roof, pole, or even placed on the ground.
The position of the array must be in the place where the most direct sunlight is received and the shadow is minimal.
Solar cells store excess energy from solar panels that will be used at night or without sunlight.
The battery is an electrochemical device.
Their performance is a function of climate, temperature, charge/discharge cycle history and age.
Although there are different battery technologies
Acid batteries offer the best performance per dollar and are the most commonly used type of solar system.
The capacity of the battery is listed in the Amp
Number of hours under a specific voltage. So a 100 amp-
The 12 volt battery will provide 12 volts at 1 amp for 100 hours.
The size of the battery pack should be able to store power for 5 days without sunlight.
The battery type should be \"deep-cycle\' type.
This means that the battery can discharge most of its capacity before charging.
The car battery is a kind of shallow battery.
The type of cycle, so not good for solar applications.
In order to extend the life of the battery pack, a controller is usually required.
The main function of the controller is to prevent the battery from overcharging.
The controller monitors the battery voltage and reduces or stops the charging current as the voltage increases.
When the battery voltage drops, the controller will allow the current to increase to charge the battery.
The rated current of the controller is determined by how much current they can handle.
If you are planning to expand your system in the future, it would be a good idea to initially install a larger capacity controller.
A larger controller usually doesn\'t cost that much.
Solar cell bank storage DC (DC)
Power provided by solar panels.
The inverter converts the low DC voltage of the battery to a higher AC voltage, such as 120 or 240 volts that can be supplied to the appliance.
The inverter also establishes an AC frequency of 60Hz (cycles-per-second)for the USA.
It also provides a sine (sine)
The waveform that most electronic devices need.
In order to handle the required system power, the inverter needs to be sized. Brand-
The Name inverter is very reliable with a conversion efficiency of about 90%.