Comparison of the performance of battery-operated fluid warmers

Abstract objective: in trauma patients, especially when given in large quantities, heating venous fluid is essential to prevent body temperature from being too low.
Pre-hospital and transport environments require a fluid heater to be small in size, energy-efficient and independent of external power supplies.
We compared the heating performance and flow resistance of the currently available batteries
A fluid heater operated.
Methods the in vitro circulating roller pump and cooler were used to evaluate fluid warming at constant input temperatures of 20 °c and 10 °c at 50, 100 and 200 mL/min.
Continuously record the output temperature.
Results the performance of the fluid heater varies with the flow and input temperature.
At the input temperature of 20 °c and the flow rate of 50 ml/min, Buddy Lite, enFlow, Thermal Angel and Warrior heated 3. 4, 2. 4, 1 and 3.
It is more than 6l to 35 ℃, respectively.
However, at the input temperature of 10 °c and the flow rate of 200 mL/min, Buddy Lite failed to heat and enFlow heated 3. 3u2009L to 25.
7 ℃, warm Angel 1. 5u2009L to 20.
9 °c, warrior heating 3. 4u2009L to 34. 4°C (p