Comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of lithium titanate batteries and ternary lithium batteries

In 2010, Yinlong spent more than 300 million yuan to acquire a 53.6% stake in the American Otita Nanotechnology Company, and mastered the company’s latest technology in lithium titanate materials; from 2012 to 2013, Yinlong successively acquired Zhuhai Guangzhou Tong Automobile and Shijiazhuang Zhongbo Automobile have the qualifications to produce complete vehicles.

So far, there are only two companies that have lithium titanate materials and have achieved power and industrial applications. Zhuhai Yinlong is one of them, and the other is Toshiba of Japan.

Lithium titanate batteries are still not considered the mainstream of battery technology. At present, domestic automobile manufacturers use ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Ternary lithium batteries dominate the global market. For example, the Panasonic 18650 battery used by Tesla belongs to the ternary lithium battery. With BYD as the representative, commercial vehicle manufacturers such as Dongfeng and Jianghuai are mostly using iron phosphate at this stage. lithium battery.

However, the safety of ternary lithium batteries has been questioned. At the beginning of the year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology suspended the entry of electric buses that use ternary lithium batteries into the subsidy catalog, causing many domestic automakers to switch to lithium iron phosphate batteries. However, unofficial information later revealed that the subsidy restrictions on new energy vehicles that use ternary lithium batteries will be relaxed, so it is still unknown who will be the mainstream of the battery market in the future.

Why did the lithium titanate battery fail to become the mainstream? Energy density is the main reason

Compared with ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium titanate battery has several advantages: high temperature safety, good low temperature performance, long cycle life , Fast charging.

Security is a relatively prominent feature, and this is also a problem that everyone is paying more attention to recently. In the safety comparison of the two mainstream batteries, the lithium iron phosphate battery will be better, but it is still not as good as the lithium titanate battery.

Another feature is low-temperature performance. Many users have complained that the cruising range of electric vehicles is greatly reduced when the temperature is low. The advantages of lithium titanate batteries in this regard are more obvious. It works normally in a wide temperature range from -50 degrees to 60 degrees.

The disadvantage of lithium titanate batteries is the most concerned issue of car manufacturers and users-energy density. Energy density represents the storage capacity of the battery and directly affects the cruising range of the vehicle. At present, the energy density of lithium titanate batteries is only about 1/2 of that of ternary lithium batteries without further technological improvement. However, Yinlong hopes to increase the energy density of the battery under the premise of the safety of the lithium titanate battery, rather than improving the safety on the basis of high energy density, which is also the technological direction choice for new energy companies.