Analyze the future development trend of power lithium battery cathode materials

by:CTECHi     2021-08-16

In recent years, the rapid development of new energy vehicles in my country has driven a strong demand for power lithium-ion batteries. The cathode material is the most critical raw material for lithium-ion batteries. In the current market, power lithium battery cathode materials have three characteristics: diversified systems, individualized demands, and diversified market changes.

The first feature is the diversification of the system. At present, the power lithium battery cathode materials on the market mainly include lithium manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and nickel cobalt binary material systems. Different material systems have their own characteristics and have their own application fields and market needs.

The lithium manganate system has the characteristics of low cost, high platform, and excellent safety performance. It occupies a large share in the replacement of lead-acid batteries and low-speed logistics vehicles. However, this material has a low volume ratio and poor high-temperature cycle, which limits its application in commercial vehicles and logistics vehicles.

Lithium iron phosphate is currently the most widely used power lithium battery material in the Chinese market. The high safety and cycle stability of this material make it occupy a certain position in the application fields of commercial vehicles and special vehicles.

Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and nickel cobalt binary materials have increased their share in the power market in recent years. The popular Tesla electric car in the world has opened a new era of ternary electric cars. Based on the continuous pursuit of volumetric energy, more and more electric logistics vehicles and passenger cars choose to use this type of material.

Demand individualization is the second characteristic of power lithium battery cathode materials. In the early stage of market development, new energy vehicles blossomed, and the requirements for power lithium batteries and materials were also different. At present, power lithium battery products have multiple systems such as soft packs, aluminum shells, and cylinders, and the performance requirements of each system and the application requirements in each battery factory are also different. Automobile manufacturers focus on the differences in battery management system matching and application environments, and there are also large differences in battery performance requirements. For example, some manufacturers are more demanding on the high temperature cycle requirements of the battery, some manufacturers pay more attention to the low temperature cycle life, and some manufacturers pay more attention to the fast charging performance.

The change in the market is the third characteristic of the positive electrode material for power lithium batteries. The experience of the ternary battery in 2016 can be described as ups and downs, sometimes denied and sometimes sought after. The new subsidy policy proposed for the first time in the product technical requirements to use battery energy density as a reference indicator, and the ternary material ban was lifted. In the direction of higher energy density, high-nickel ternary materials will undoubtedly become a hot spot for research and development and industrialization in the future.

The new energy automobile industry has developed from 2012 to 2015, and adjusted and developed from 2016 to 2017. It is expected to develop rapidly after 2018. The future power lithium battery cathode material The application and development of the company have attracted much attention. On the whole, the future development of power lithium battery cathode materials has the following characteristics.

First of all, the goal is clarification. Every successful energy revolution in human history has a clear main line logic, that is, an order of magnitude jump in energy density. For example, coal is 160 times higher than firewood, and oil is 2 times higher than coal. New energy has the ability to subvert traditional energy only if it has a crushing advantage in energy density. Since 2015, the state has gradually regulated the new energy vehicle industry. In October 2016, the 'Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicle Technology Roadmap' was announced, which set clear targets and requirements for the energy density and cost of power lithium batteries. Under the premise of ensuring safety performance, it is the objective needs of consumers to achieve the energy density improvement and shorter charging time of power lithium batteries. Therefore, the optimization and technological improvement of power lithium battery cathode materials are very important and urgent.

The second is the diversification of routes. In the new energy vehicle subsidy method announced at the end of 2016, it is proposed that the subsidy is linked to the volume ratio energy, which indirectly guides the upgrading of the material system. The NMC ternary material with the volume ratio and capacity advantage has become a hot spot for industrialization. At present, the power lithium battery materials are not up to the 2020 power lithium battery energy density requirement of 300wh/kg. National subsidies actively encourage the development of new types of batteries, the hot high nickel ternary batteries, and solid-state batteries aimed at the medium and long-term development of the electric vehicle industry. , Fuel-powered battery, known as the ultimate goal of new energy vehicles...The global research on power materials is in full swing, and it is still unknown who will rise and fall in the new energy market.

The third is the refinement of the process. Tesla, a leading company in electric vehicles, has frequently caught fires in recent years. The safety of power lithium batteries has caused industry concerns, which has also put forward higher requirements on the standards of cathode material research and development, technology and production. On the one hand, it is necessary to comprehensively improve the level of production and intelligent manufacturing, improve product qualification rate and consistency, and control self-discharge problems caused by magnetic materials in materials, etc.; on the other hand, Ru0026D technology information and intelligence need to be further improved to improve Ru0026D effectiveness Sex, to prevent detours.

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